{"id":40690,"date":"2022-04-29T20:07:30","date_gmt":"2022-04-29T18:07:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/"},"modified":"2025-10-05T12:00:15","modified_gmt":"2025-10-05T12:00:15","slug":"evropsk%c3%bd-soud-pro-lidsk%c3%a1-pr%c3%a1va","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/","title":{"rendered":"Oleg Ani\u0161\u010dik, z\u00e1stupce p\u0159ed ESLP, VLP OSN, Interpol-CCF"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed Soud se s\u00eddlem ve \u0160trasburku, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee projedn\u00e1vat pouze st\u00ed\u017enosti t\u011bch osob, organizac\u00ed a spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nam\u00edtaj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich pr\u00e1va zaru\u010den\u00e1 Evropskou \u00famluvou o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech byla poru\u0161ena.<\/p> \n<p><a title=\"\u00damluva o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/\">Evropsk\u00e1 \u00famluva o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech<\/a> je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed smlouva, kterou se velk\u00fd po\u010det evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zav\u00e1zal chr\u00e1nit ur\u010dit\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va. Tato pr\u00e1va jsou uvedena jednak v \u00damluv\u011b samotn\u00e9, jednak v Protokolech \u010d. <a title=\"Dodatkov\u00fd protokol k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d1\/\">1<\/a>, <a title=\"Protokol \u010d. 4 k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d4\/\">4<\/a>, <a title=\"Protokol \u010d. 6 k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d6\/\">6<\/a>, <a title=\"Protokol \u010d. 7 k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d7\/\">7<\/a>, <a title=\"Protokol \u010d. 12 k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d12\/\">12<\/a> a <a title=\"Protokol \u010d. 13 k \u00damluv\u011b o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/protokol-%c4%8d13\/\">13<\/a>, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak byly ratifikov\u00e1ny jen n\u011bkter\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n<p>Soud aplikuje Evropskou \u00famluvu o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech. Jeho \u00fakolem je zajistit, aby st\u00e1ty respektovaly pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1ruky uveden\u00e9 v \u00damluv\u011b. \u010cin\u00ed tak projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm \u017ealob (tzv. st\u00ed\u017enosti) podan\u00fdch jednotlivci a n\u011bkdy i st\u00e1ty. Zjist\u00ed-li Soud, \u017ee \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t poru\u0161il jedno nebo v\u00edce t\u011bchto pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1ruk, vyd\u00e1 rozsudek. Rozsudky jsou z\u00e1vazn\u00e9: doty\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011b maj\u00ed povinnost je plnit.<\/p>\n<p>Nemus\u00edte b\u00fdt st\u00e1tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem jednoho z <a title=\"\u010clensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty Rady Evropy\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/evropsk%c3%a1-%c3%bamluva-o-ochran%c4%9b-lidsk%c3%bdch-pr%c3%a1v\/#ratifikace\">\u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f Rady Evropy<\/a>. Sta\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e se k\u0159ivdy dopustil jeden z t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f v\u00e1zan\u00fdch \u00damluvou v r\u00e1mci jeho \u201ejurisdikce\u201c, co\u017e obvykle znamen\u00e1 na jeho \u00fazem\u00ed. \u010cin nebo opomenut\u00ed (jedno \u010di v\u00edce), na n\u011b\u017e si st\u011b\u017eujete, muselo b\u00fdt u\u010din\u011bno jedn\u00edm nebo n\u011bkolika ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu \u010di st\u00e1tech (nap\u0159\u00edklad soudem \u010di spr\u00e1vn\u00edm org\u00e1nem). Soud nem\u016f\u017ee projedn\u00e1vat st\u00ed\u017enosti na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jednotlivc\u016f \u010di soukrom\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad obchodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.  Mus\u00edte b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edmo a osobn\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed k\u0159ivdy, kterou uv\u00e1d\u00edte. Nem\u016f\u017eete p\u0159edlo\u017eit obecnou st\u00ed\u017enost na z\u00e1kon \u010di opat\u0159en\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee se V\u00e1m zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt nespravedliv\u00e1; nem\u016f\u017eete si t\u00e9\u017e st\u011b\u017eovat jm\u00e9nem jin\u00fdch osob (pokud nejsou jasn\u011b ur\u010deny a Vy nejste jejich ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem).   Nem\u016f\u017eete si st\u011b\u017eovat na poru\u0161en\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho jin\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho instrumentu, ne\u017e je Evropsk\u00e1 \u00famluva o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad V\u0161eobecn\u00e1 deklarace lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v \u010di Charta z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n<p>Mus\u00edte vy\u010derpat v\u0161echny opravn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky n\u00e1pravy v dot\u010den\u00e9m st\u00e1tu, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly situaci, na kterou si st\u011b\u017eujete, napravit (obvykle to znamen\u00e1 pod\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9mu soudu, n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9, kde to lze, odvol\u00e1n\u00edm a dokonce dal\u0161\u00edm odvol\u00e1n\u00edm k vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed instanci, jako je Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nebo \u00dastavn\u00ed soud, pokud takov\u00fd existuje). Nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161ech opravn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. V jejich r\u00e1mci mus\u00edte zm\u00ednit ty n\u00e1mitky, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji uplatn\u00edte u Soudu (tedy podstatu n\u00e1mitek poru\u0161en\u00ed \u00damluvy, na n\u011b\u017e si nyn\u00ed st\u011b\u017eujete). Od data kone\u010dn\u00e9ho vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed (obecn\u011b od rozhodnut\u00ed soudu nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed instance) m\u00e1te jen \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce na pod\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti.    Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt <a title=\"Formul\u00e1\u0159 na st\u00ed\u017enost k Evropsk\u00e9mu soudu pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/dokumenty\/rada-evropy\/eslp\/formul%c3%a1%c5%99-na-st%c3%ad%c5%benost\/\">formul\u00e1\u0159 na st\u00ed\u017enost<\/a> spolu s po\u017eadovan\u00fdmi informacemi a dokumenty odesl\u00e1n Soudu p\u0159ed uplynut\u00edm \u010dty\u0159m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed lh\u016fty nebo nejpozd\u011bji v jej\u00ed posledn\u00ed den. <a title=\"Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159e st\u00ed\u017enosti \u2013 Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/services\/echr\/checking-filled-in-applications\/\">Ov\u011b\u0159te<\/a> \u017ee st\u00ed\u017enost obsahuje v\u0161echny informace a nezbytn\u00e9 dokumenty.<\/p>\n<p>Soud se nem\u016f\u017ee zab\u00fdvat jakoukoliv z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Jeho pravomoc je vymezena podm\u00ednkami p\u0159ijatelnosti stanoven\u00fdmi \u00damluvou, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed kdo, kdy a na co si m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed Soudem st\u011b\u017eovat. V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed projednan\u00fdch Soudem je prohl\u00e1\u0161eno za nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9. Je proto nezbytn\u00e9 si ov\u011b\u0159it, zda Va\u0161e z\u00e1le\u017eitost spl\u0148uje podm\u00ednky p\u0159ijatelnosti. Pro bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace o v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch se <a title=\"Konzultace advok\u00e1ta \u2013 Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/legal-advice-and-contacts\/\">obra\u0165te na advok\u00e1ta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edpad bude projedn\u00e1n bezplatn\u011b. Vy sami budete hradit pouze sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1klady (nap\u0159. honor\u00e1\u0159e advok\u00e1ta \u010di n\u00e1klady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed, a korespondence). Soud V\u00e1m neposkytne pomoc p\u0159i placen\u00ed honor\u00e1\u0159e <a title=\"P\u0159\u00edprava st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed k Evropsk\u00e9mu soudu pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/services\/echr\/preparing-applications\/\">advok\u00e1ta k seps\u00e1n\u00ed Va\u0161\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti<\/a>. A\u010dkoliv v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm st\u00e1diu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nemus\u00edte b\u00fdt pr\u00e1vn\u011b zastoupen, pot\u00e9 co byla Va\u0161e st\u00ed\u017enost d\u00e1na na v\u011bdom\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b, m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt k <a title=\"Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed \u2013 Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\" href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/services\/echr\/representing-applicants\/\">pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu zastoupen\u00ed<\/a> vyzv\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Zjist\u00ed-li Soud, \u017ee do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed \u00damluvy, m\u016f\u017ee V\u00e1m p\u0159iznat \u201espravedliv\u00e9 zadostiu\u010din\u011bn\u00ed\u201c, tedy finan\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku jako od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za jist\u00e9 formy \u0161kod. Soud t\u00e9\u017e m\u016f\u017ee na dot\u010den\u00e9m st\u00e1tu po\u017eadovat proplacen\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f, kter\u00e9 jste s p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu m\u011bli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed Soud se s\u00eddlem ve \u0160trasburku, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee projedn\u00e1vat pouze st\u00ed\u017enosti t\u011bch osob, organizac\u00ed a spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nam\u00edtaj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich pr\u00e1va zaru\u010den\u00e1 Evropskou \u00famluvou o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech byla&#46;&#46;&#46;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":208862,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40690","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40690","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/208862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}