{"id":232039,"date":"2026-06-22T13:48:59","date_gmt":"2026-06-22T11:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/?page_id=232039"},"modified":"2026-06-23T20:52:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-23T18:52:15","slug":"2019-10","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/decision-excerpts\/2019-10\/","title":{"rendered":"CCF Decision No. 10 (2019)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ccf-decision-meta\">\n<p><strong>Tags:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/constitution\/#article-2\" title=\"Article 2 of the Constitution of the ICPO-INTERPOL\">Article 2 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution<\/a> (right to movement within a state); Trial in absentia<br \/><strong>Decision:<\/strong> Compliant<br \/><strong>Data type:<\/strong> Diffusion<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"u-text-center\">Decision of the Commission<br \/>Requests Chamber<\/h1>\n<p class=\"u-text-center\">Request concerning [\u2026]<\/p>\n<p class=\"u-text-center\">(Ref. CCF\/ [\u2026])<\/p>\n<p class=\"u-text-center\">(109th session, 1 to 5 July 2019)<\/p>\n<p>The Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files (the Commission), sitting as the Requests Chamber, composed of:<\/p>\n<p>Vitalie PIRLOG, Chairperson<br \/>Petr GORODOV,<br \/>Sanna PALO,<br \/>Isaias TRINDADE,<br \/>Members,<\/p>\n<p>Having deliberated in camera during its 109th session, on [\u2026], delivered the following Decision.<\/p>\n<div class=\"betweendivs\"><a class=\"mybutton blue\" href=\"#\" onclick=\"openall();event.preventDefault();\">Expand all<\/a> <a class=\"mybutton blue\" href=\"#\" onclick=\"closeall();event.preventDefault();\">Collapse all<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim h-toaccordion includetocloseall\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall\" data-anchor=\"section-i\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h2>I. Procedure<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>1. On [\u2026], Mr [\u2026] (the Applicant) lodged a complaint addressed to the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files (the Commission), requesting access to the information concerning him registered in INTERPOL\u2019s files and its subsequent deletion. Following the submission of all the required documents in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/operating-rules\/#rule-30\" title=\"Rule 30 of the Operating Rules of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">Rule 30 of the Operating Rules of the Commission<\/a>, the request was found admissible, and the Commission informed the Applicant thereof on [\u2026].<\/p>\n<p>2. During the study of the Applicant\u2019s case, the Commission consulted the INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB) of [\u2026] and the INTERPOL General Secretariat (IPSG)) in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/statute\/#article-34\" title=\"Article 34 of the Statute of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">Article 34(1) of the Statute of the Commission<\/a> (the Statute), on the communication of information and on arguments set forth in the complaint.<\/p>\n<p>3. On [\u2026], the NCB of [\u2026] confirmed the validity of the proceedings, provided answers to the questions raised by the Commission, and authorized the disclosure of the information connected with the request to the Applicant.<\/p>\n<p>4. On [\u2026], the Commission informed the Applicant on that he is wanted through INTERPOL\u2019s channels by the NCB of [\u2026], and provided the information described in paragraph <a href=\"#section-ii\" title=\"Section II of INTERPOL\u2019s CCF Decision No. 10 (2019)\">7<\/a> and <a href=\"#section-ii\" title=\"Section II of INTERPOL\u2019s CCF Decision No. 10 (2019)\">8<\/a> below.<\/p>\n<p>5. Both the Applicant and the NCB source of the data challenged were informed of the fact that the Commission would study the case during its [\u2026] session.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-ii\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h2>II. Facts<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>6. The Applicant is a national of [\u2026], and used to reside in [\u2026].<\/p>\n<p>7. He is the subject of a Diffusion circulated by the NCB of [\u2026], for the charges of [\u2026] on the basis of a Court Decision and an Arrest Warrant [\u2026], and a European Arrest Warrant issued by the same tribunal on [\u2026].<\/p>\n<p>8. The summary of the facts, as recorded in the Diffusion, is the following: [\u2026].<\/p>\n<p>9. On [\u2026], the Applicant was tried in absentia, found guilty and sentenced to [\u2026] years of imprisonment and the payment of a fine.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-iii\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h2>III. The Applicant\u2019s Request<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>10. The Applicant requested the deletion of the data concerning him, contending, in essence that the proceedings in [\u2026] have not respected the principles of due process of law and that he has not been able to present his defense.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-iv\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h2>IV. Applicable Legal Framework<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>11. Field of competence of the Commission:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"u-list-indent\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/constitution\/#article-36\" title=\"Article 36 of the Constitution of the ICPO-INTERPOL\">Article 36 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution<\/a> states that the Commission shall ensure that the processing of personal data by the Organization is in compliance with the regulations the Organization establishes in this matter.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/statute\/#article-3\" title=\"Article 3 of the Statute of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">Article 3(1)(a)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/statute\/#article-33\" title=\"Article 33 of the Statute of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">Article 33(3)<\/a> of the Statute of the Commission establish that the powers of the Commission are limited to controlling whether the processing of data in INTERPOL\u2019s files meets INTERPOL\u2019s applicable legal requirements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>12. Due process and respect for human rights:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"u-list-indent\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/constitution\/#article-2\" title=\"Article 2 of the Constitution of the ICPO-INTERPOL\">Article 2(1) of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution<\/a> states that the Organisation should \u2018ensure and promote the widest possible mutual assistance between all criminal police authorities within the limits of the laws existing in the different countries and in the spirit of the <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/un\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\/\" title=\"Universal Declaration of Human Rights\">Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/a> (UDHR).\u2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/rules-processing-data\/#article-34\" title=\"Article 34 of INTERPOL\u2019s Rules on the Processing of Data\">Article 34(1) of the RPD<\/a> states that \u2018the National Central Bureau, national entity or international entity shall ensure that the data are in compliance with Article 2 of the Organization\u2019s Constitution.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/un\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\/#article-10\" title=\"Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights\">Article 10 of the UDHR<\/a> states that \u2018everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"su-spoiler-title ec-fake-spoiler-heading\" id=\"section-v\">V. Findings<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"su-spoiler-title ec-fake-spoiler-heading u-indent-1\" id=\"section-v-a\">A. Lack of Due Process of Law and Trial in Absentia<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall u-indent-2 su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-v-a-a\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h4>a) The Applicant<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>13. The Applicant claims that he was not properly notified of the accusations, and that he was deprived from the possibility to present his defense and to provide evidence which would have explained the situation under a different angle.<\/p>\n<p>14. He claims that he was not contacted in [\u2026], and that other people involved in the case were not interrogated, so that [\u2026] authorities convicted him without offering him an opportunity to cross-examine and challenge the evidence adduced against him.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall u-indent-2 su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-v-a-b\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h4>b) The NCB of &#091;\u2026&#093; (NCB source of the Data)<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>15. In its reply, the NCB of [\u2026] confirmed the validity of the criminal proceedings against the Applicant, and of the Diffusion circulated through INTERPOL\u2019s channels. The NCB provided copies of the Court Decision of [\u2026], of the European Arrest Warrant of [\u2026], and of the applicable legal provisions.<\/p>\n<p>16. The NCB confirmed that the Applicant was tried in absentia, in application of Article [\u2026], since he was no longer present on the [\u2026] national territory and could not be reached, but that he will have the right to oppose the sentencing judgement handed down in his absence and to be tried again, with a lawyer of his choice, in case he surrenders or is extradited. Moreover in such case, he would be presented to a judge, who would decide whether to detain him or grant him bail pending his new trial.<\/p>\n<p>17. The NCB indicated that no extradition request has been transmitted in this case, since the Applicant\u2019s location has never been confirmed. However, it confirmed its intent to formally request his extradition from any country where he would later be localized or arrested, in order for him to execute the sentence.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall u-indent-2 su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-v-a-c\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h4>c) Findings of the Commission<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>18. Under Articles <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/statute\/#article-3\" title=\"Article 3 of the Statute of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">3(1)(a)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/commission-control-files\/statute\/#article-33\" title=\"Article 33 of the Statute of the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL\u2019s Files\">33(3)<\/a> of the Statute of the Commission, the function of the Commission is to review whether the processing of data in INTERPOL\u2019s files meets INTERPOL\u2019s applicable legal requirements, in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/constitution\/#article-36\" title=\"Article 36 of the Constitution of the ICPO-INTERPOL\">Article 36 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution<\/a>. Therefore, as a general practice, the Commission does not enter into an inquiry designed to take decisions on application of national procedural law.<\/p>\n<p>19. The Commission does not function in a manner akin to that in which a domestic appellate court re-examines the actions of a domestic court of first instance. Rather, in order to respect the spirit of the <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/un\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\/\" title=\"Universal Declaration of Human Rights\">Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/a> mentioned in <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/interpol\/constitution\/#article-2\" title=\"Article 2 of the Constitution of the ICPO-INTERPOL\">Article 2 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution<\/a>, while at the same time respecting the limits of the role of the Commission, the simple assertion of possible procedural irregularities cannot rise to the level of an Article 2 violation.<\/p>\n<p>20. In this case, the NCB of [\u2026] has provided assurances that the Applicant\u2019s trial in absentia was adopted following the national criminal procedural law, and that he will be granted the possibility to oppose\/appeal the decision issued against him in his absence, with the assistance of a lawyer of his choice. Therefore, whether he surrenders or is extradited, he will have the opportunity to be tried in his presence with a fresh determination of the merits of the case, and to present his defense with the assistance of a counsel.<\/p>\n<p>21. Thus, the Commission finds that the information provided by the Applicant does not demonstrate the likelihood that a flagrant denial of a fair trial could take place, and it concludes that the processing of the data concerning the Applicant is compliant with Article 2 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution and the principle of due process of law.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus h-toaccordion includetocloseall u-indent-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-anchor=\"section-v-b\" data-scroll-offset=\"50\" data-anchor-in-url=\"yes\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><h3>B. Remaining Contentions<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>22. The Commission recalled that in studying a request it reviews all of the Applicant\u2019s arguments, except when irrelevant. In this case, the Applicant contends that he has been arbitrarily deprived of his fundamental right to travel by the Diffusion circulated through INTERPOL\u2019s channels by [\u2026] authorities.<\/p>\n<p>23. The Commission recalled that <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/un\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\/#article-13\" title=\"Article 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights\">Article 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/a> (UDHR), which provided for the right to travel, addresses two separate situations: paragraph 1 establishes a right with respect to movement and residence within a state, while paragraph 2 establishes a right to leave a country, and to return to one\u2019s own country.<\/p>\n<p>24. These are general principles, which can be subject to lawful, necessary, and proportionate limitations as envisioned in <a href=\"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/documents\/un\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\/#article-29\" title=\"Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights\">Article 29 of the UDHR<\/a>. Sovereign states are therefore not prevented for instance from enacting legal requirements regarding access to their territory or from issuing an order to request the arrest of an individual suspected or convicted of having committed a crime.<\/p>\n<p>25. The purpose of an INTERPOL Diffusion (or Red Notice) is to facilitate appropriate law enforcement action, based on such an order. Therefore, since the validity of the Diffusion has been confirmed by the NCB source of the data, the Commission finds that Article 13 of the UDHR is not infringed by the mere issuance of a valid \/Diffusion and that the Applicant\u2019s contention in this regard is without merit.<\/p>\n<p class=\"u-text-center\">For these reasons, the Commission<\/p>\n<p>Decides that the data challenged are compliant with INTERPOL\u2019s rules applicable to the processing of personal data.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script id=\"ec-fake-spoiler-scroll-fix\">\n(function(){\n  if (window.ecFakeSpoilerScrollFixReady) { return; }\n  window.ecFakeSpoilerScrollFixReady = true;\n  function hasClass(node, cls) {\n    if (!node) { return false; }\n    if (!node.classList) { return false; }\n    return node.classList.contains(cls);\n  }\n  function nextSpoiler(fake) {\n    var node = fake.nextElementSibling;\n    while (node) {\n      if (hasClass(node, \"su-spoiler\")) { return node; }\n      node = node.nextElementSibling;\n    }\n    return null;\n  }\n  function spoilerAnchor(spoiler) {\n    if (!spoiler) { return \"\"; }\n    if (spoiler.hasAttribute(\"data-anchor\")) { return spoiler.getAttribute(\"data-anchor\") || \"\"; }\n    if (spoiler.hasAttribute(\"id\")) { return spoiler.getAttribute(\"id\") || \"\"; }\n    return \"\";\n  }\n  function titleFor(spoiler) {\n    if (!spoiler) { return null; }\n    return spoiler.querySelector(\".su-spoiler-title\");\n  }\n  function clickTitle(spoiler) {\n    var title = titleFor(spoiler);\n    if (!title) { return; }\n    title.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent(\"click\", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true, view: window }));\n  }\n  function ensureOpen(spoiler) {\n    if (!spoiler) { return; }\n    if (hasClass(spoiler, \"su-spoiler-closed\")) { clickTitle(spoiler); }\n  }\n  function offsetFor(spoiler) {\n    var value = \"\";\n    if (spoiler) {\n      if (spoiler.hasAttribute(\"data-scroll-offset\")) { value = spoiler.getAttribute(\"data-scroll-offset\") || \"\"; }\n    }\n    var parsed = parseInt(value, 10);\n    if (isNaN(parsed)) { return 50; }\n    return parsed;\n  }\n  function scrollToFake(fake, spoiler) {\n    var y = fake.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset - offsetFor(spoiler);\n    window.scrollTo(0, Math.max(0, y));\n  }\n  function handleHash() {\n    var raw = window.location.hash || \"\";\n    if (!raw) { return; }\n    var id = decodeURIComponent(raw.replace(\/^#\/, \"\"));\n    var fake = document.getElementById(id);\n    if (!hasClass(fake, \"ec-fake-spoiler-heading\")) { return; }\n    var spoiler = nextSpoiler(fake);\n    ensureOpen(spoiler);\n    setTimeout(function(){ scrollToFake(fake, spoiler); }, 0);\n  }\n  var headings = document.querySelectorAll(\".ec-fake-spoiler-heading\");\n  var spoilers = document.querySelectorAll(\".su-spoiler\");\n  for (var i = 0; i < headings.length; i += 1) {\n    var heading = headings.item(i);\n    var spoiler = nextSpoiler(heading);\n    spoilerAnchor(spoiler);\n    heading.setAttribute(\"tabindex\", \"0\");\n    heading.addEventListener(\"click\", function(event){\n      event.preventDefault();\n      clickTitle(nextSpoiler(this));\n    });\n    heading.addEventListener(\"keydown\", function(event){\n      if (event.key === \"Enter\") { event.preventDefault(); clickTitle(nextSpoiler(this)); }\n      if (event.key === \" \") { event.preventDefault(); clickTitle(nextSpoiler(this)); }\n    });\n  }\n  window.addEventListener(\"hashchange\", handleHash);\n  if (spoilers.length < 0) { return; }\n  if (document.readyState === \"loading\") {\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", handleHash);\n  } else {\n    handleHash();\n  }\n})();\n<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tags: Article 2 of INTERPOL\u2019s Constitution (right to movement within a state); Trial in absentiaDecision: CompliantData type: Diffusion Decision of the CommissionRequests Chamber Request concerning [\u2026] (Ref. CCF\/ [\u2026]) (109th session, 1 to 5&#46;&#46;&#46;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":232613,"parent":230797,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232039","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/232039","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=232039"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/232039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":235028,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/232039\/revisions\/235028"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230797"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/232613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=232039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=232039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeancourt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=232039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}